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<a name="readelf"></a>
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<p>
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<hr>
<a name="readelf-1"></a>
<h2 class="chapter">15 readelf</h2>

<a name="index-ELF-file-information"></a>
<a name="index-readelf"></a>


<div class="smallexample">
<pre class="smallexample">readelf [<samp>-a</samp>|<samp>--all</samp>]
        [<samp>-h</samp>|<samp>--file-header</samp>]
        [<samp>-l</samp>|<samp>--program-headers</samp>|<samp>--segments</samp>]
        [<samp>-S</samp>|<samp>--section-headers</samp>|<samp>--sections</samp>]
        [<samp>-g</samp>|<samp>--section-groups</samp>]
        [<samp>-t</samp>|<samp>--section-details</samp>]
        [<samp>-e</samp>|<samp>--headers</samp>]
        [<samp>-s</samp>|<samp>--syms</samp>|<samp>--symbols</samp>]
        [<samp>--dyn-syms</samp>]
        [<samp>-n</samp>|<samp>--notes</samp>]
        [<samp>-r</samp>|<samp>--relocs</samp>]
        [<samp>-u</samp>|<samp>--unwind</samp>]
        [<samp>-d</samp>|<samp>--dynamic</samp>]
        [<samp>-V</samp>|<samp>--version-info</samp>]
        [<samp>-A</samp>|<samp>--arch-specific</samp>]
        [<samp>-D</samp>|<samp>--use-dynamic</samp>]
        [<samp>-x</samp> &lt;number or name&gt;|<samp>--hex-dump=</samp>&lt;number or name&gt;]
        [<samp>-p</samp> &lt;number or name&gt;|<samp>--string-dump=</samp>&lt;number or name&gt;]
        [<samp>-R</samp> &lt;number or name&gt;|<samp>--relocated-dump=</samp>&lt;number or name&gt;]
        [<samp>-z</samp>|<samp>--decompress</samp>]
        [<samp>-c</samp>|<samp>--archive-index</samp>]
        [<samp>-w[lLiaprmfFsoRt]</samp>|
         <samp>--debug-dump</samp>[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]]
        [<samp>--dwarf-depth=<var>n</var></samp>]
        [<samp>--dwarf-start=<var>n</var></samp>]
        [<samp>-I</samp>|<samp>--histogram</samp>]
        [<samp>-v</samp>|<samp>--version</samp>]
        [<samp>-W</samp>|<samp>--wide</samp>]
        [<samp>-H</samp>|<samp>--help</samp>]
        <var>elffile</var>&hellip;
</pre></div>


<p><code>readelf</code> displays information about one or more ELF format object
files.  The options control what particular information to display.
</p>
<p><var>elffile</var>&hellip; are the object files to be examined.  32-bit and
64-bit ELF files are supported, as are archives containing ELF files.
</p>
<p>This program performs a similar function to <code>objdump</code> but it
goes into more detail and it exists independently of the <small>BFD</small>
library, so if there is a bug in <small>BFD</small> then readelf will not be
affected.
</p>


<p>The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
equivalent.  At least one option besides &lsquo;<samp>-v</samp>&rsquo; or &lsquo;<samp>-H</samp>&rsquo; must be
given.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code>-a</code></dt>
<dt><code>--all</code></dt>
<dd><p>Equivalent to specifying <samp>--file-header</samp>,
<samp>--program-headers</samp>, <samp>--sections</samp>, <samp>--symbols</samp>,
<samp>--relocs</samp>, <samp>--dynamic</samp>, <samp>--notes</samp> and
<samp>--version-info</samp>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-h</code></dt>
<dt><code>--file-header</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-file-header-information"></a>
<p>Displays the information contained in the ELF header at the start of the
file.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-l</code></dt>
<dt><code>--program-headers</code></dt>
<dt><code>--segments</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-program-header-information"></a>
<a name="index-ELF-segment-information"></a>
<p>Displays the information contained in the file&rsquo;s segment headers, if it
has any.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-S</code></dt>
<dt><code>--sections</code></dt>
<dt><code>--section-headers</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-section-information"></a>
<p>Displays the information contained in the file&rsquo;s section headers, if it
has any.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-g</code></dt>
<dt><code>--section-groups</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-section-group-information"></a>
<p>Displays the information contained in the file&rsquo;s section groups, if it
has any.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-t</code></dt>
<dt><code>--section-details</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-section-information-1"></a>
<p>Displays the detailed section information. Implies <samp>-S</samp>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-s</code></dt>
<dt><code>--symbols</code></dt>
<dt><code>--syms</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-symbol-table-information"></a>
<p>Displays the entries in symbol table section of the file, if it has one.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--dyn-syms</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-dynamic-symbol-table-information"></a>
<p>Displays the entries in dynamic symbol table section of the file, if it
has one.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-e</code></dt>
<dt><code>--headers</code></dt>
<dd><p>Display all the headers in the file.  Equivalent to <samp>-h -l -S</samp>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-n</code></dt>
<dt><code>--notes</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-notes"></a>
<p>Displays the contents of the NOTE segments and/or sections, if any.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-r</code></dt>
<dt><code>--relocs</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-reloc-information"></a>
<p>Displays the contents of the file&rsquo;s relocation section, if it has one.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-u</code></dt>
<dt><code>--unwind</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-unwind-information"></a>
<p>Displays the contents of the file&rsquo;s unwind section, if it has one.  Only
the unwind sections for IA64 ELF files, as well as ARM unwind tables
(<code>.ARM.exidx</code> / <code>.ARM.extab</code>) are currently supported.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-d</code></dt>
<dt><code>--dynamic</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-dynamic-section-information"></a>
<p>Displays the contents of the file&rsquo;s dynamic section, if it has one.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-V</code></dt>
<dt><code>--version-info</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-ELF-version-sections-information"></a>
<p>Displays the contents of the version sections in the file, it they
exist.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-A</code></dt>
<dt><code>--arch-specific</code></dt>
<dd><p>Displays architecture-specific information in the file, if there
is any.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-D</code></dt>
<dt><code>--use-dynamic</code></dt>
<dd><p>When displaying symbols, this option makes <code>readelf</code> use the
symbol hash tables in the file&rsquo;s dynamic section, rather than the
symbol table sections.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-x &lt;number or name&gt;</code></dt>
<dt><code>--hex-dump=&lt;number or name&gt;</code></dt>
<dd><p>Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes.
A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table;
any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-R &lt;number or name&gt;</code></dt>
<dt><code>--relocated-dump=&lt;number or name&gt;</code></dt>
<dd><p>Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal
bytes.  A number identifies a particular section by index in the
section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name
in the object file.  The contents of the section will be relocated
before they are displayed.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-p &lt;number or name&gt;</code></dt>
<dt><code>--string-dump=&lt;number or name&gt;</code></dt>
<dd><p>Displays the contents of the indicated section as printable strings.
A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table;
any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-z</code></dt>
<dt><code>--decompress</code></dt>
<dd><p>Requests that the section(s) being dumped by <samp>x</samp>, <samp>R</samp> or
<samp>p</samp> options are decompressed before being displayed.  If the
section(s) are not compressed then they are displayed as is.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-c</code></dt>
<dt><code>--archive-index</code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-Archive-file-symbol-index-information"></a>
<p>Displays the file symbol index information contained in the header part
of binary archives.  Performs the same function as the <samp>t</samp>
command to <code>ar</code>, but without using the BFD library.  See <a href="ar.html#ar">ar</a>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-w[lLiaprmfFsoRt]</code></dt>
<dt><code>--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]</code></dt>
<dd><p>Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are
present.  If one of the optional letters or words follows the switch
then only data found in those specific sections will be dumped.
</p>
<p>Note that there is no single letter option to display the content of
trace sections or .gdb_index.
</p>
<p>Note: the <samp>=decodedline</samp> option will display the interpreted
contents of a .debug_line section whereas the <samp>=rawline</samp> option
dumps the contents in a raw format.
</p>
<p>Note: the <samp>=frames-interp</samp> option will display the interpreted
contents of a .debug_frame section whereas the <samp>=frames</samp> option
dumps the contents in a raw format.
</p>
<p>Note: the output from the <samp>=info</samp> option can also be affected
by the options <samp>--dwarf-depth</samp> and <samp>--dwarf-start</samp>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--dwarf-depth=<var>n</var></code></dt>
<dd><p>Limit the dump of the <code>.debug_info</code> section to <var>n</var> children.
This is only useful with <samp>--debug-dump=info</samp>.  The default is
to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for <var>n</var> will also have this
effect.
</p>
<p>With a non-zero value for <var>n</var>, DIEs at or deeper than <var>n</var>
levels will not be printed.  The range for <var>n</var> is zero-based.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>--dwarf-start=<var>n</var></code></dt>
<dd><p>Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered <var>n</var>.  This is only
useful with <samp>--debug-dump=info</samp>.
</p>
<p>If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header
information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered <var>n</var>.  Only
siblings and children of the specified DIE will be printed.
</p>
<p>This can be used in conjunction with <samp>--dwarf-depth</samp>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-I</code></dt>
<dt><code>--histogram</code></dt>
<dd><p>Display a histogram of bucket list lengths when displaying the contents
of the symbol tables.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-v</code></dt>
<dt><code>--version</code></dt>
<dd><p>Display the version number of readelf.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-W</code></dt>
<dt><code>--wide</code></dt>
<dd><p>Don&rsquo;t break output lines to fit into 80 columns. By default
<code>readelf</code> breaks section header and segment listing lines for
64-bit ELF files, so that they fit into 80 columns. This option causes
<code>readelf</code> to print each section header resp. each segment one a
single line, which is far more readable on terminals wider than 80 columns.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code>-H</code></dt>
<dt><code>--help</code></dt>
<dd><p>Display the command line options understood by <code>readelf</code>.
</p>
</dd>
</dl>



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